Urine chemistry
Urine chemistry is a group of one or more tests done to check the chemical content of a urine sample.
How the Test is Performed
For this test, a clean catch (midstream) urine sample is needed.
Some tests require that you collect all of your urine for 24 hours.
Your health care provider will order certain tests, which will be done on the urine sample in a lab.
How to Prepare for the Test
For detailed information about how to prepare for the test, how the test will feel, risks with the test, and normal and abnormal values, please see the test your provider ordered:
- 24-hour urinary aldosterone excretion rate
- 24-hour urine protein
- Acid loading test (pH)
- Adrenalin - urine test
- Amylase - urine
- Bilirubin - urine
- Calcium - urine
- Citric acid urine test
- Cortisol - urine
- Creatinine - urine
- Cytology exam of urine
Cytology exam of urine
A cytology exam of urine is a test used to detect cancer and other diseases of the urinary tract.
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- Electrolytes - urine
- Epinephrine - urine test
- Glucose - urine
- HCG (qualitative - urine)
- Homovanillic acid (HVA)
- Immunoelectrophoresis - urine
- Immunofixation - urine
- Ketones - urine
- Leucine aminopeptidase - urine
Leucine aminopeptidase - urine
Leucine aminopeptidase is a type of protein called an enzyme. It is normally found in liver cells and cells of the small intestine. This test is us...
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- Norepinephrine - urine test
- Normetanephrine
- Osmolality - urine
- Porphyrins - urine
- Potassium - urine
- Protein electrophoresis - urine
- Protein - urine
- RBC - urine
- Sodium - urine
- Urea nitrogen - urine
- Uric acid - urine
- Urinalysis
Urinalysis
Urinalysis is the physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine. It involves a number of tests to detect and measure various compounds th...
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- Urinary casts
- Urine amino acids
- Urine concentration test
- Urine culture (catheterized specimen)
- Urine culture (clean catch)
- Urine dermatan sulfate
- Urine - hemoglobin
- Urine metanephrine
- Urine pH
- Urine specific gravity
- Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
Normal Results
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.
Reviewed By
Walead Latif, MD, Nephrologist and Clinical Associate Professor, Rutgers Medical School, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Gharavi AG, Landry DW. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 100.
Riley RS, McPherson RA. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 29.
